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KEDIRI CITY - The Humanities Social Research Student Creativity Program (PKM RSH) IIK Bhakti Wiyata Kediri conducted a research entitled Understanding the Man Box Perspective of Gender Stereotype Relations and Violence which targeted the East Java community who were already married.The total cases of domestic violence (KDRT) in Indonesia as of October 2022 reached a total of 18,261 cases, 79.5% of female cases and 20.4% of male victims (keKerasaan.kemenpppa.go.id). According to the gender stereotype perspective on domestic violence, violence against women is an extension of patriarchal domination (Myhill, 2017, Walker et al., 2020). Patriarchal culture determines gender roles that lead to violence against women (Lien et al., 2019). Violence and aggressive behavior are often received from men because they are in accordance with the culture of masculinity (Myhill, 2017). However, in the era of globalization, men also experience domestic violence like women (Kolbe and Büttner, 2020). The urgency of this problem is that the perspective of gender stereotypes produces prejudice that leads to a form of gender inequality due to the process of self-categorization in roles (Rivera and Veysey, 2014).Uniquely, men can also be victims of domestic violence; like female victims, at first they will show masculine traits that are authoritative, but in the end they will accept the violence they experience (Kolbe and Büttner, 2020).However, there is no data on domestic violence perpetrated by women in Indonesia, although it is indicated that the prevalence is only around 1% to 2.9% worldwide (Kolbe and Büttner, 2020). The problem of gender roles that can be exploited comprehensively to achieve various goals (Alsawalqa et al., 2021).Norms, patriarchal structures, and masculine standards imposed by society on men, in order to become “real men,” lead to divorce or remaining in abusive and male-dominated relationships or vice versa. Specific views and imposed behaviors such as superiority, cruelty, emotional suppression, and aggressive and/or socially dominant behavior have been considered as a real man defined as “Man Box” (Heilman et al., 2017).Until now, there has been no research that has explored the understanding of gender stereotype perspectives in the patriarchal system in Indonesia in the current modernization era, based on the Man Box perspective. In theory Man Box is one of the reasons for cultural acceptance of the use of violence to control other people for the occurrence of domestic violence, both violence against men against women and vice versa women against men due to changes in cultural determination of modernization (Joseph-Edwards and Wallace, 2021 , Alsawalqa et al., 2021).
